Browsing by Author "Spalding-Fecher, Randall"
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- ItemRestrictedEnergy and the World Summit on Sustainable Development: What next?(Elsevier, 2005) Spalding-Fecher, Randall; Winkler, Harald; Mwakasonda, StanfordGiven the importance of energy issues to sustainable development, energy was a priority issue at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in August 2002. The objective of this paper is to examine the outcomes of the Summit on energy, and to assess them against proposals to address the lack of access to modern energy and the need to move toward a cleaner energy system. We find that lack of political leadership from key countries prevented agreement not only on targets for renewable energy, but also on a programme to promote access. The achievements of the Summit were limited to enabling activities such as capacity building and technology transfer, rather than substantive agreements. While WSSD put energy higher on the agenda than before, no institutional home or programme to take the issues forward has emerged. This therefore remains a critical challenge to be addressed. Achieving this broad goal will require building a coalition to promote cleaner energy, and committing resources to programme for energy access. Based on analysis of proposals and the negotiations, we propose several key areas where progress is still possible and necessary, including: shifting more international public and private energy financing toward access investments and cleaner energy investments, advancing regional approaches to access and renewable energy targets, and a range of mechanisms to strengthen institutional capacity for integrating energy and sustainable development.
- ItemOpen AccessEnergy efficiency in a restructuring electricity distribution industry in South Africa : analysis and policy strategies(2000) Tyani, Lwazikazi; Spalding-Fecher, Randall
- ItemOpen AccessExternal cost of electricity generation: contribution to the Integrated Resource Plan 2 for Electricity(Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town., 2010) Edkins, Max; Winkler, Harald; Marquard, Andrew; Spalding-Fecher, RandallThe international studies on energy externalities and the local studies in South Africa suggest that the high impact areas for power generation are impacts of climate change and health impacts of outdoor air pollution. Climate change impacts are by far the greatest. The health costs due to outdoor air pollution are considered quite low based on national studies, though these may be underestimated. Damage cost from acid mine drainage is also thought to be significant, and could be substantially higher than reported here. External costs of electricity generation are a necessary factor in modelling the IRP 2. To be consistent, external costs must be added to the modeller’s reference case and to all policy cases or scenarios. In the multiple criteria decision-making process, the external costs should be reported as a distinct criterion. The weighting of this criterion relative to others (cost, carbon, and access) should be discussed with stakeholders. Although the external cost presented here are appropriate for input into the IRP 2, an extensive national review must be completed for future IRPs. Furthermore, the Integrated Energy Plan (IEP) should take additional factors into account: health impacts of indoor air pollution (important in poor households, as well as industry); noise from transport, and other poverty-related issues such as wealth impacts of paraffin fires and burns, and social costs of fuel wood scarcity.
- ItemOpen AccessFinancial protocol for South Africa's climate change mitigation assessment(1999/09/00) Clark, Alix; Spalding-Fecher, Randall
- ItemOpen AccessPotential multi-project baselines in the power sector in South Africa(2000) Winkler, Harald; Spalding-Fecher, Randall; Afrane-okese, Yaw; Davidson, Ogunlade